iteknoloji enkulu | ishishini elitsha | Jan 15.2025
Kwimisebenzi yemizi-mveliso neyezorhwebo, iimoto ezirhubuluzayo zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kwazo okuphezulu kunye namandla aphezulu okukhupha. Nangona kunjalo, ukubala i-voltage ye-rotor yemoto erhubuluzayo ayilula, nto leyo efuna ukuba sibe nokuqonda okunzulu kwemigaqo kunye neeparameter ezinxulumene nayo. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa ngokweenkcukacha indlela yokubala ngokuchanekileyo i-voltage ye-rotor yemoto erhubuluzayo ukukunceda uphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwemoto.
1. Amanyathelo asisiseko okubala i-voltage ye-rotor
(I) Misela i-voltage elinganisiweyo yemoto
I-voltage elinganisiweyo yemoto yi-voltage eqhelekileyo yoyilo kunye nokusebenza kwayo, enokufunyanwa ngokulula kwiinkcukacha zobugcisa zemoto. Eli xabiso lilitye lesiseko lezibalo ezilandelayo, njengesiseko sesakhiwo esiphakamileyo, esinika idatha esisiseko ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yonke yokubala. Umzekelo, i-motor ye-slip-ring kwisixhobo semizi-mveliso ine-voltage elinganisiweyo ye-380 V ephawulwe ngokucacileyo kwincwadi yayo yezobugcisa, eliyindawo yokuqala yokubala kwethu.
(II) Linganisa ukumelana ne-rotor Xa i-motor iyeka ukusebenza, sebenzisa i-ohmmeter ukulinganisa ukumelana kwe-rotor winding. Ukumelana ne-rotor yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela i-voltage ye-rotor, kwaye ukuchaneka kwexabiso layo kunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nokuthembeka kwesiphumo sokugqibela sokubala. Ukuba sicinga ukuba ukumelana ne-rotor esiyilinganisileyo yi-0.4Ω, le datha iya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubaleni okulandelayo.
(III) Bala i-voltage ye-rotor I-voltage ye-rotor ingafunyanwa ngokuphindaphinda i-voltage elinganisiweyo yemoto ngokuxhathisa kwe-rotor. Xa uthatha i-voltage elinganisiweyo ye-380 V kunye nokuxhathisa kwe-rotor ye-0.4Ω ekhankanywe apha ngasentla njengomzekelo, i-voltage ye-rotor = 380 V × 0.4 = 152 V.
2. Uhlalutyo olunzulu lwefomula ye-rotor voltage
(I) Ukwakheka kunye nokubaluleka kwefomyula
Ifomula ye-rotor voltage yindlela yokubonakalisa izibalo eqwalasela izinto ezininzi. Ithathwe ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo esisiseko ye-electromagnetism. Phakathi kwazo, i-stator voltage, i-slip kunye neempawu ze-motor windings zezona zinto ziphambili ezinefuthe. Ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo le fomula kuvumela iinjineli ukuba ziqikelele ngokuchanekileyo indlela esebenza ngayo imoto phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zomthwalo, njengokuba nesitshixo sokuvula imfihlakalo yokusebenza kwemoto.
(II) Ukufunyanwa kwefomula kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo ngokusebenzayo Ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo ye-electromagnetics
Inkqubo yokufunyanwa kwefomula ye-rotor voltage inzima kwaye iyinkimbinkimbi. Ibonisa ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kwentsimi yemagnethi kunye nomsinga ngaphakathi kwemoto, kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kwicandelo lolawulo kunye noyilo lwemoto. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, ngoncedo lwesixhobo sokubala i-rotor voltage yobungcali, iinjineli zifuna kuphela ukufaka iiparameter ezifunekayo ezifana ne-frequency yonikezelo lwamandla, inani lee-motor pals kunye ne-slip ukuze zifumane ngokukhawuleza ixabiso elifanelekileyo le-voltage elifunekayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Oku akuphuculi kakhulu kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi, kodwa kuqinisekisa ukuba imoto isebenza ngokuzinzileyo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluphezulu lokusebenza.
3. Ukubalwa kwangoku kweRotor kunye nokuphuculwa kokusebenza kwemoto
(I) Inkcazo eneenkcukacha zefomyula yangoku yerotor
Ifomula yile, It=Vt/Zt, apho iVt yi-rotor voltage kwaye iZt yi-rotor impedance. Ukubalwa kwe-rotor voltage kubandakanya izinto ezifana ne-stator voltage kunye ne-slip, nto leyo efuna iingcali zombane ukuba zifunde kwaye zisebenzise ezi fomyula ngobuchule ukuze zivavanye ngokuchanekileyo ukusebenza kwe-motor.
(II) Ukubaluleka kokubala umsinga werotor
Ukubala umsinga werotor kubalulekile kwiinjineli ngeendlela ezininzi. Kwelinye icala, kunceda ukuvavanya umthamo womthwalo wombane wemoto, okuvumela iinjineli ukuba ziqikelele ngokuchanekileyo utshintsho lokuziphatha kwemoto phantsi kweevolthi ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Umzekelo, ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqalisa imoto, ngokujonga utshintsho kumsinga werotor, iinjineli zinokugqiba ukuba imoto iqala ngokwesiqhelo na kwaye ingaba kukho iingxaki ezifana nokugqithisa. Kwelinye icala, ngokujonga nokuhlalutya umsinga werotor, kunokwenzeka ukufikelela kulawulo olululo lwemoto, ukuthintela ngempumelelo iingxaki ezinokubakho ezifana nokugqithisa kwemoto, ukungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukusilela koomatshini, ngaloo ndlela kwandiswe ubomi benkonzo yemoto kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
4. Indima ephambili yokutyibilika ekubalweni kwevolthi yerotor
(I) Inkcazo kunye nokubalwa kwesiliphu
I-Slip ichazwa njengomahluko wesantya phakathi kwentsimi yemagnethi ejikelezayo kunye ne-rotor, echazwa njengepesenti yesantya esihambelanayoIfomula yi-S=(N8-Nt)/Ns, apho u-s sisilayidi, u-N8 sisantya esihambelanayo, kwaye u-Nt sisantya se-rotor.
Umzekelo, kwimeko ethile yokusebenza kwemoto, ukuba isantya esihambelanayo yi-1500 rpm kwaye isantya serotor siyi-1440 rpm, ukutyibilikaS=(1500-1440)/1500=0.04, ngoko ke yi-4%.
(II) Ubudlelwane phakathi kokutyibilika nokusebenza kakuhle kwerotor
Kukho ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kokutyibilika nokusebenza kakuhle kwerotor. Ngokwesiqhelo, irotor ifuna isixa esithile sokutyibilika ukuze ivelise i-torque kwaye ifezekise ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwemoto. Nangona kunjalo, ukutyibilika okuphezulu kakhulu kuya kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokuxhathisa okwandileyo kunye nokuncipha kokuphuma koomatshini, okuya kuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemoto. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukutyibilika okuphantsi kakhulu kunokwenza imoto isebenze kufutshane nemeko ye-synchronous, kodwa kuya kwenza buthathaka amandla okulawula imoto kunye nomthamo wokuphuma kwe-torque. Ke ngoko, kwinkqubo yoyilo kunye nokusebenza kwemoto, ukubalwa ngokuchanekileyo kokutyibilika kunye nokulungiswa okufanelekileyo kweeparameter ezinxulumeneyo kubalulekile ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo ifomyula ye-rotor voltage kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okusebenzayo nokuzinzileyo kwemoto phantsi kwemithwalo eyahlukeneyo.
V. Indlela enempembelelo yokuxhathisa i-rotor ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-motor
(I) Uhlobo kunye nempembelelo yokumelana ne-rotor
Ukumelana ne-rotor kubhekisa ekuchaseni kwesekethe ye-rotor ukuya ekuhambeni kwamandla angoku. Ixabiso layo linempembelelo enkulu kwi-torque yokuqala, ukulawulwa kwesantya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemoto. Ukumelana ne-rotor ephezulu kunceda ukuphucula i-torque yokuqala yemoto kwaye kwenze ukuba imoto iqale kakuhle phantsi komthwalo onzima. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwemoto, ukumelana ne-rotor eninzi kuya kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla okwandisiweyo, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemoto.
(II) Ifomula yokumelana ne-rotor kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuxilongwa kwempazamo
Ifomula yokumelana ne-rotor (edla ngokubonakaliswa njenge-Rt) ithathela ingqalelo izinto ezifana neempawu zomzimba zezinto ze-rotor, i-geometry ye-rotor kunye nobushushu. Ukubalwa ngokuchanekileyo kokumelana ne-rotor kubalulekile ekusebenziseni ifomyula ye-rotor voltage. Kwicandelo lokuxilongwa kwemoto kunye nokugcinwa kokuthintela, ngokujonga utshintsho kukumelana ne-rotor, iingxaki ezinokubakho ezifana nokuguguleka okungalinganiyo, i-short circuit okanye ukugqithisa kakhulu zinokufunyanwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba ukuxhathisa kwe-rotor kufunyenwe kunyuka ngequbuliso, kunokuthetha ukuba kukho i-short circuit yendawo okanye unxibelelwano olubi kwi-rotor winding. Abasebenzi bokulungisa banokuthatha amanyathelo okulungisa ajoliswe kuwo ukuthintela ngempumelelo ukwenzeka kokusilela kwemoto, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yemoto, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kunye nokuzinza kwemveliso.
VI. Imizekelo yokubala kunye nezakhono zokusebenzisa kwiimeko zokwenyani
(I) Umzekelo wokwenyani wokubala
Masithi kukho i-slip-ring motor ene-stator voltage eyi-440 V, i-rotor resistance eyi-0.35Ω, kunye ne-slip eyi-0.03. Okokuqala, ngokwefomula ye-rotor voltage Vt=s*Vs, i-rotor voltage Vt=0.03*440=13.2 V ingafunyanwa. Emva koko, kusetyenziswa i-rotor current formula It=Vt/Zt (xa kucingelwa ukuba i-rotor impedance Zt yi-0.5Ω), i-rotor current It=13.2/0.5=26.4 A ingabalwa.
(II) Izakhono zokusebenzisa kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kweziphumo zokubala, kufuneka kuqatshelwe la manqaku alandelayo: Okokuqala, sebenzisa izixhobo zokulinganisa ezichanekileyo kakhulu ukuze ufumane iiparameter zemoto. Umzekelo, xa ulinganisa ukumelana nerotor nge-ohmmeter, kufuneka kukhethwe isixhobo esinesisombululo esiphezulu kunye nempazamo encinci; okwesibini, xa ufaka iiparameter zokubala, qinisekisa ukuba iiyunithi zeeparameter zidibene ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphambuka kwiziphumo zokubala ngenxa yeempazamo zokuguqulwa kweeyunithi; okwesithathu, hlalutya ngokudibeneyo nendawo yokusebenza yokwenyani kunye neemeko zokusebenza zemoto, umzekelo, ukuqwalasela impembelelo yobushushu kukumelana nerotor, kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nerotor kunokwanda, kwaye iziphumo zokubala kufuneka zilungiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngentshayelelo ebanzi nenzulu engentla, ndikholelwa ukuba uyiqonda kakuhle indlela yokubala i-slip-ring motor rotor voltage kunye nokubaluleka kwayo ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kwe-motor. Kwindlela yokusebenza, ukulandela ngokungqongqo amanyathelo okubala kunye nokuqwalasela ngokupheleleyo impembelelo yezinto ezahlukeneyo kuya kukunceda ukuba unike amandla apheleleyo kwizibonelelo zokusebenza kwee-slip ring motors, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yemizi-mveliso kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kwezixhobo.
Yintoni ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kubalwa i-voltage ye-rotor yee-motors ezityibilikayo?
- a. Ukuchaneka kwedatha
- b. Ukuqonda kunye nokusetyenziswa kwefomula
- c. Izinto ezichaphazela imeko-bume kunye neemeko zokusebenza
- d. Inkqubo yokubala kunye nezixhobo
Ixesha leposi: Jan-15-2025