iteknoloji enkulu | Ishishini elitsha | Epreli 21.2025
Njengoko unxibelelwano lwe-5G luthandwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye itekhnoloji yeradar isoloko ivelisa izinto ezintsha, ii-RF rotary joints, njengezinto eziphambili zokufezekisa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali okuzinzileyo, zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Nokuba yi-antenna yesathelayithi kwindawo enkulu okanye umgca wemveliso ozenzekelayo kwindawo enzima emhlabeni, inokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali ngaphandle komthungo phakathi kweendawo ezizinzileyo nezijikelezayo. Okulandelayo, siza kujonga kwiinkcukacha zobugcisa kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwee-RF rotary joints.
Ⅰ. Ukuhlola umongo osebenzayo we-RF rotary joints
Umgaqo wokusebenza kwamalungu e-RF rotary joints kukudibana okuncinci kwe-electromagnetism kunye nobunjineli boomatshini. Yakha ibhulorho yesignali phakathi kwesiphelo esijikelezayo kunye nesiphelo esisisigxina ngemidiya yokudlulisa efana neentambo ze-coaxial, ii-waveguides okanye iifayibha ze-optical. Ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwesignali, intsimi yombane yangaphakathi kunye nentsimi yemagnethi ziyasebenzisana kwaye ziyaguquka, kwaye isakhiwo soomatshini sithatha uxanduva oluphambili - ukuqinisekisa unxibelelwano oluzinzileyo ngexesha lokujikeleza ukuze kuthintelwe ukulahleka kwesignali okanye ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa kukunxibelelana okubi, ngaloo ndlela kufezekiswa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali zeRF okusebenzayo nokuzinzileyo.
Ⅱ. Uhlalutyo lweentlobo kunye neempawu zamalungu ajikelezayo e-RF
(I) Iijoyinti ezijikelezayo ze-coaxial ezine-single channel: izithunywa zesignali ezisisiseko nezithembekileyo
Iijoyinti ezijikelezayo ze-coaxial ezinetshaneli enye ziye zaba "ngamandla aphambili" okudlulisa imiqondiso ye-RF enye ngoyilo lwazo olulula lwesakhiwo. Ukuthatha intsimi yokubeka esweni ukhuseleko njengomzekelo, kwiikhamera ezineenkcazo eziphezulu kwiindawo ezidibana kuzo iidolophu, iijoyinti ezijikelezayo ze-coaxial ezinetshaneli enye zinokunceda iikhamera zifikelele kujikelezo lwe-360-degree ngaphandle kwee-engile ezifileyo, ngelixa ziqinisekisa ukuba imiqondiso yevidiyo idluliselwa kwiziko lokubeka esweni nge-latency ephantsi kunye nenkcazo ephezulu. Iiparameter zayo zombane eziqhelekileyo zezi: uluhlu lwefrikhwensi lunokufikelela kwi-DC - 18GHz, ilahleko yokufakelwa ilawulwa kwi-0.3 - 0.5dB, i-voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ≤1.2; ngokweempawu zoomatshini, isantya esiphezulu sinokufikelela kwi-3000rpm, kwaye ubomi bokujikeleza budlula ii-10 yezigidi zeerandi, ezinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zomsebenzi oqhubekayo wexesha elide.
(II) Iijoyinti ezijikelezayo ze-coaxial ezinemijelo emininzi: abaququzeleli bemiqondiso kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo
Iijoyinti ezijikelezayo ze-coaxial ze-Multi-channel zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nokudluliselwa ngaxeshanye kwemiqondiso emininzi kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo. Kwinkqubo yeradar ye-phased array kwicandelo lezomkhosi, inokucubungula ngaxeshanye iintlobo ezininzi zemiqondiso ye-RF ezifana nemiqondiso yokudlulisela, imiqondiso yokwamkela, kunye nemiqondiso yokulawula ukuqinisekisa ukuba iradar ibona iithagethi kuzo zonke iindlela nangokuchaneka okuphezulu. Iiparameter zombane zolu hlobo lwejoyinti zihlala zi: uluhlu lwefrikhwensi DC - 12GHz, ukulahleka kokufakwa kwetshaneli enye malunga ne-0.6dB, i-VSWR≤1.3; ngokweeparameter zoomatshini, inokumelana ne-torque ye-0.5 - 2N・m, kunye nesantya esiphezulu se-2000rpm, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwesignali entsonkothileyo.
(III) I-Waveguide rotary joint: ingcali yokudlulisa isignali kwiimeko ezinamandla aphezulu
I-waveguide rotary joint ixhomekeke kubuchwepheshe be-waveguide kwaye inenzuzo kwiimeko zokusasazwa kwesignali enamandla aphezulu, kwaye ilahleko iphantsi. Kwizikhululo zomhlaba zonxibelelwano lwesathelayithi, inoxanduva lokudlulisa ngokufanelekileyo imiqondiso ye-RF enamandla aphezulu kwiisathelayithi, inika inkxaso eqinileyo kunxibelelwano lwehlabathi. Iiparameter zayo zombane zibalaseleyo, uluhlu lwamaza amaninzi lugxininiswe kakhulu kwi-8-18GHz, ilahleko yokufakwa yi-0.3dB kuphela, kwaye amandla ombane anokufikelela kwinqanaba le-kilowatt; ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni koomatshini, ukuchaneka kokujikeleza kuphezulu kakhulu, ubomi bokujikeleza bunokufikelela kwi-8 yezigidi zeerandi, kwaye inokumelana okuhle kokungcangcazela kunye nempembelelo, kwaye inokuziqhelanisa neendawo zangaphandle ezinzima.
(IV) I-Fiber optic rotary joint: Uvulindlela ekudluliseleni idatha ngesantya esiphezulu
Iijoyinti ezijikelezayo ze-fiber optic zisebenzisa imiqondiso ye-optical njengeethwali zothumelo. Ngenxa yesantya sazo sothumelo esikhawulezayo kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukulwa nokuphazamiseka, ziye zaba lolona khetho lukhethwayo kwicandelo lothumelo lwedatha olukhawulezayo. Kwinethiwekhi yonxibelelwano lwe-optical yeziko ledatha elikhulu, iijoyinti ezijikelezayo ze-fiber optic zinokuqinisekisa uthumelo oluzinzileyo lwedatha ngesantya se-10Gbps okanye ngaphezulu nangakumbi phakathi kwezinto zoqhagamshelo olujikelezayo. Phakathi kweeparamitha zayo zombane, ilahleko yokufakwa imalunga ne-1dB; ngokweeparamitha zoomatshini, isantya esiphezulu yi-1500rpm, ubomi bokujikeleza yi-6 yezigidi zeerandi, kwaye inokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zobushushu kunye nokufuma, iqinisekisa uthumelo lwedatha oluzinzileyo.
Ⅲ. Ukuvula iiparameter zoyilo oluphambili lwamalungu e-RF ajikelezayo
(I) Iiparameter zombane: izalathisi eziphambili zomgangatho wokudluliselwa kwesignali
a. Uluhlu lweeFrequency: Le parameter imisela uluhlu lweefrikhwensi apho iRF rotary joint inokusebenza khona ngokufanelekileyo. Ukusuka kwiisignali zangoku ezijikelezayo eziphantsi (DC) ukuya kwiibhendi zefrikhwensi eziphezulu zamashumi eGHz, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeejoyinti ezijikelezayo zineendawo ezahlukeneyo zokugxila. Umzekelo, ijoyinti ejikelezayo ye-coaxial yetshaneli enye inokugubungela uluhlu olubanzi lweefrikhwensi kwaye ifanelekile kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeemo zokudlulisa isignali; ngelixa ijoyinti ejikelezayo ye-waveguide ilungiselelwe ibhendi ethile yefrikhwensi ephezulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokudlulisa isignali yefrikhwensi ephezulu.
b. Ukulahleka kokufakwa: Kubonisa inqanaba lokulahleka kwamandla kwesiginali xa idlula kwijoyinti ejikelezayo, ngesiqhelo kwi-dB. Okukhona ilahleko yokufakwa iphantsi, kokukhona ilahleko yamandla incinci ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwesiginali kwaye kokukhona ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kuphezulu. Ngokubanzi, ilahleko yokufakwa kwejoyinti ejikelezayo ye-coaxial yesiteshi esinye iphantsi kakhulu, phakathi kwe-0.3 kunye ne-0.5 dB; ngenxa yesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sejoyinti ejikelezayo ye-coaxial yesiteshi ezininzi, ilahleko yokufakwa iya kuba phezulu kancinci, phakathi kwe-0.5 kunye ne-0.8 dB.
c. Umlinganiselo wamaza omileyo weVoltage (VSWR): Le parameter isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukubonakaliswa kwemiqondiso yeRF ngexesha lokudluliselwa. Okukhona ixabiso leVSWR lisondela ku-1, kokukhona ukubonakaliswa kwesignali kuncinci kwaye kokukhona ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa. I-VSWR yejoyinti ejikelezayo yeRF esemgangathweni ophezulu idla ngokulawulwa kwi-≤1.2, nto leyo enokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukulahleka kwamandla kunye nokuphazamiseka okubangelwa kukubonakaliswa kwesignali.
d. Umthamo wamandla: ubhekisa kwixabiso eliphezulu lamandla elinokumelana nejoyinti ejikelezayo. Xa amandla okwenyani okudlulisa edlula lo mthamo, anokubangela ukuba izixhobo zishushu kakhulu, zonakalise okanye zingasebenzi. Amalungu ajikelezayo e-Waveguide anamandla aphezulu afikelela kwi-kilowatts ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo kunye nezinto zawo ezizodwa; amalungu ajikelezayo e-coaxial anamandla aphantsi, ngokubanzi amalunga namakhulu ambalwa ee-watts.
(II) Iiparameters zoomatshini: isiseko esiqinileyo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo
a. Isantya esiphezulu: sibonisa isantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza apho ijoyinti ejikelezayo inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo. Kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, iimfuno zesantya ziyahluka kakhulu. Umzekelo, isantya sengalo yerobhothi yomgca wokuvelisa oomatshini boshishino sinokuba ngamakhulu ambalwa ee-rpm; ngelixa kwezinye iinkqubo zeradar ezijikelezayo ngesantya esiphezulu, isantya kufuneka sifikelele kwi-3000rpm. Ke ngoko, xa ukhetha ijoyinti ejikelezayo, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba isantya sayo esiphezulu siyahlangabezana neemfuno zokwenyani zokusetyenziswa.
b. Ubomi bokujikeleza: bulinganiswa ngenani lokujikeleza okanye ixesha lokusetyenziswa, luphawu olubalulekileyo lokuvavanya ukuqina kwejoyinti ejikelezayo. Ngokubanzi, ubomi bokujikeleza kwejoyinti ejikelezayo ye-RF bungaphezulu kwezigidi zeenguqu ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zigcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo ngexesha lokusebenza ixesha elide.
c. I-Torque: i-torque efunekayo ukuze i-rotary joint ijikeleze. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sangaphakathi esintsonkothileyo se-multi-channel coaxial rotary joint, i-torque ekufuneka imelane nayo inkulu kakhulu, ngokubanzi iphakathi kwe-0.5 kunye ne-2N・m. Iiparameter ezifanelekileyo ze-torque zinokuqinisekisa ukuba i-rotary joint isebenza kakuhle ngexesha lokujikeleza, kuthintelwe ukuxinana kokujikeleza ngenxa ye-torque enganeleyo okanye umonakalo wecandelo ngenxa ye-torque egqithisileyo.
d. Ukulungelelana nokusingqongileyo: kubandakanya iinkalo ezininzi ezifana nobushushu bokusebenza, ukufuma, kunye namanqanaba okumelana nothuli namanzi. Iindawo ezijikelezayo ezisetyenziswa ngaphandle kufuneka zibe nenqanaba lokukhusela le-IP65 okanye ngaphezulu ukuze zimelane nokungena kothuli nemvula; kwangaxeshanye, uluhlu lobushushu bokusebenza ludla ngokuba yi--40℃ - 85℃ ukuze luzivumelanise notshintsho lokusingqongileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kunye namaxesha onyaka.
Ⅳ. Gxila ekusebenziseni ngokusebenzayo amalunga e-RF ajikelezayo kushishino
(I) Inkundla yomkhosi: Ukwakha umgca wokhuselo lobugcisa oqinileyo wokhuseleko lwesizwe
Kwinkqubo entsha yeradar yesilumkiso sangaphambi kwexesha sokuzikhusela emoyeni, ii-multi-channel coaxial RF rotary joints zidlala indima engenakutshintshwa. Inkqubo yeradar kufuneka idlulise kwaye ifumane imiqondiso evela kwiibhendi ezininzi zefrikhwensi ngaxeshanye ukuze ifezekise ukufunyanwa okujikelezayo kunye nokulandelela ngokuchanekileyo kweenjongo zomoya. Ngokusebenzisa i-multi-channel coaxial rotary joint, i-antenna yeradar inokwenza ukuskena kokujikeleza kwe-360-degree ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, kwaye iiparameter zayo zombane zihlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno ezingqongqo zoluhlu lwefrikhwensi lwe-DC - 12GHz, ukulahleka kokufakwa okungaphantsi kwe-0.8dB, kunye ne-VSWR≤1.3, ukuphucula ngempumelelo umgama wokufumanisa, ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kweradar, kunye nokubonelela ngesiqinisekiso esinamandla sokhuseleko lokhuselo lwesizwe.
(II) Intsimi yonxibelelwano: Ukwakha ibhulorho yesignali yonxibelelwano lwehlabathi
Kwinethiwekhi ethile yonxibelelwano lwesathelayithi yamazwe ngamazwe, amajoyinti e-RF ajikelezayo e-waveguide asetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezinkulu ze-antenna zezikhululo zomhlaba. Njengoko isathelayithi iqhubeka nokuhamba esibhakabhakeni, i-antenna yesikhululo somhlaba kufuneka ilungise indlela yayo ngexesha langempela ukuze igcine unxibelelwano nesathelayithi. Ijoyinti ejikelezayo ye-waveguide, enomthamo wayo ophezulu wamandla kunye neempawu zokulahleka okuphantsi, idlulisela ngokuzinzileyo imiqondiso ye-RF enamandla aphezulu. Uluhlu lwayo lwefrikhwensi ye-8-18GHz, ukulahleka kokufakwa kwe-0.3dB, kunye nomthamo wamandla we-1000W kuphucula kakhulu izinga lokudluliselwa kwedatha phakathi kwesikhululo somhlaba kunye nesathelayithi, kunciphisa kakhulu ukulibaziseka konxibelelwano, kwaye kufezekise unxibelelwano olukhawulezayo noluzinzileyo kwihlabathi liphela.
(III) Ukwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo kwimizi-mveliso: Imveliso yobukrelekrele yenjini ephambili eqhuba imveliso yobukrelekrele
Kumgca wemveliso ozenzekelayo wenkampani ethile yokuvelisa iimoto, i-single-channel coaxial RF rotary joint ifakwe kwinxalenye ejikelezayo yengalo yerobhothi. Ingalo yerobhothi kufuneka ijikeleze rhoqo xa kudityaniswa, kutshizwa, kuhlanganiswe nakwezinye iinkqubo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye idlulise imiqondiso yokulawula kunye nedatha yesenzi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Iiparameter ze-rotary joint enoluhlu lwefrikhwensi ye-DC-18GHz, ukulahleka kokufakwa kwe-0.5dB, i-VSWR≤1.2, kunye nesantya esiphezulu se-3000rpm zilungelelaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo neemfuno zokusebenza zengalo yerobhothi. Nokuba kwimisebenzi yemveliso enamandla aphezulu kunye nexesha elide, inokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali okuzinzileyo, iphucula ngokufanelekileyo inqanaba lokuzenzekelayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle komgca wemveliso, kwaye inciphise iindleko zomsebenzi kunye namaxabiso angalunganga emveliso.
Ⅴ. Yiba nobuchule bokukhetha amalunga e-RF rotary
Ukuze ukhethe i-RF rotary joint efanelekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa imeko yokwenyani yesicelo kunye nokuqwalasela ngokupheleleyo ezi zinto zilandelayo:
a. Ukuhambelana kwamaza okusebenza: Ngokwemvamisa yesignali efunekayo ukuze idluliselwe yinkqubo, khetha ijoyinti ejikelezayo enokugubungela ngokupheleleyo uluhlu lwamaza okusebenza ukuze kuthintelwe ukudluliselwa kwesignali okungaqhelekanga ngenxa yokungafani kwamaza okusebenza.
b. Umthamo wokuthwala umbane: Ngokobungakanani bamandla obuqhelekileyo benkqubo, khetha ijoyinti ejikelezayo enomthamo wamandla owaneleyo kunye nomda othile ukuthintela ukusilela kwezixhobo okubangelwa kukuxinana kwamandla.
c. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kwesignali: Beka phambili iimveliso ezinokulahlekelwa okuncinci kokufakwa kunye ne-VSWR ekufutshane ne-1 ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza kwesignali ngexesha lokudluliselwa.
d. Ukulungelelaniswa kokusebenza koomatshini: Cinga ngokupheleleyo ngeeparameter zoomatshini ezifana nesantya esiphezulu, ubomi bokujikeleza, i-torque, njl. ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-rotary joint inokuzivumelanisa neemeko zokusebenza kunye neemfuno zobomi benkonzo yesixhobo.
e. Ukulungelelana nokusingqongileyo: Ngokweempawu zendawo yokusetyenziswa, ezinje ngobushushu, ukufuma, uthuli, iigesi ezirhabaxa, njl.njl., khetha ijoyinti ejikelezayo enenqanaba lokhuseleko elifanelekileyo kunye nokulungelelana nokusingqongileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo kwindawo enzima.
Ⅵ. Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwamalungu ajikelezayo e-RF
Ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwesayensi netekhnoloji, amajoyinti e-RF ajikelezayo aya kuqhubeka nokukhula aye kwi-miniaturization, i-integration, kunye ne-intelligence. Iimveliso zochungechunge lwe-joint ze-Ingiant Technology zenzelwe ukuhanjiswa kwesignali ye-RF, nge-frequency ephezulu ye-40GHZ. Uyilo lwe-coaxial contact lunika i-connector i-bandwidth ebanzi kakhulu kwaye akukho frequency yokucima. Isakhiwo se-multi-contact sinciphisa ngokufanelekileyo i-jitter ehambelanayo, ubungakanani bubonke buncinci, kwaye i-connector iyi-plug-in kwaye kulula ukuyifaka. I-current, i-voltage, i-shell kunye nombala zinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso. Ndikholelwa ukuba inkampani ye-ingiant iya kuqhubeka nokufaka amandla amakhulu kwi-innovation kunye nophuhliso lwamashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-21-2025